Thematic study and historic environment

Describe two features of the trenches on the Western Front.

Source A (written for this paper; fictional author typical of the period): from a nurse's letter, 1916: 'We work in a tent at the casualty clearing station. Men come straight from the line, covered in mud, and we have minutes to decide who can be saved.' Source B (written for this paper; fictional author typical of the period): a description of an official photograph, 1917, showing a neatly arranged base hospital ward with clean beds and nurses in white uniforms. How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the treatment of wounded soldiers on the Western Front?

How could you follow up Source A to find out more about the treatment of the wounded? Give the detail you would follow up, a question you would ask, the type of source you could use and how this might help.

Explain one way in which ideas about the cause of disease were different in the 14th century and the 19th century.

Explain why there was rapid progress in the treatment of infection in the years c1900–present.

'The work of Jenner was the most important turning point in preventing disease in the period c1700–c1900.' How far do you agree? [16 marks + 4 SPaG]

Describe two features of policing in Whitechapel in the 1880s.

Source A (written for this paper; fictional author typical of the period): from a police report, 1888: 'The lodging houses of Flower and Dean Street hold hundreds each night. Many give false names and are gone by morning.' Source B (written for this paper; fictional author typical of the period): from a newspaper editorial, 1888: 'The police are helpless. The murderer walks among us, and Scotland Yard has nothing to show but excuses.' How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the problems of policing Whitechapel?

How could you follow up Source B to find out more about the problems of policing Whitechapel? Give the detail you would follow up, a question you would ask, the type of source you could use and how this might help.

Explain one way in which punishments in the medieval period and the 18th century were similar.

Explain why prison reform happened in the 19th century.

'Changes in policing were the most important development in crime prevention in the period c1700–c1900.' How far do you agree? [16 marks + 4 SPaG]