Paper 2: Shaping the nation

Source A (written for this paper; fictional author typical of the period): from a letter by a London doctor, 1854: 'Dr Snow insists that the cholera comes from the Broad Street pump. Most of my colleagues still believe it is carried by bad air.' How useful is Source A to a historian studying this period? Explain your answer using Source A and your contextual knowledge.

Explain the significance of Edward Jenner's work on vaccination.

Explain two ways in which public health in the Middle Ages and in the 19th century were similar.

Has the role of government been the main factor in the development of public health in Britain since 1800? Explain your answer with reference to government and other factors. [16 marks + 4 SPaG]

Interpretation A (written for this paper; not a real historian's words): 'Elizabeth's religious settlement was a clever compromise that kept most of her subjects loyal.' How convincing is Interpretation A? Explain your answer using Interpretation A and your contextual knowledge.

Explain what was important about the Babington Plot.

Write an account of the ways in which Drake's voyage around the world was important.

'The main reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was English tactics.' How far does a study of the Armada's route and the events of 1588 support this statement?